ISecAuditors Blog

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Dec 31, 2025 2:45:44 PM

Rise of cloud‑based HSM services and their impact on PCI PIN environments

The emergence of what we now know as Hardware Security Modules (HSMs) was not a design whim, but a response to a specific type of emerging vulnerability in particular contexts. If we go back to 1972, the appearance of Mohamed Atalla’s Atalla Box marked a turning point, shifting trust from...

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